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Pathomechanism and Biomechanics of Degenerative Disc Disease: Features of Healthy and Degenerated Discs
- Source :
- Int J Spine Surg
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The human intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex organ composed of fibrous and cartilaginous connective tissues, and it serves as a boundary between 2 adjacent vertebrae. It provides a limited range of motion in the torso as well as stability during axial compression, rotation, and bending. Adult IVDs have poor innate healing potential due to low vascularity and cellularity. Degenerative disc disease (DDD) generally arises from the disruption of the homeostasis maintained by the structures of the IVD, and genetic and environmental factors can accelerate the progression of the disease. Impaired cell metabolism due to pH alteration and poor nutrition may lead to autophagy and disruption of the homeostasis within the IVD and thus plays a key role in DDD etiology. To develop regenerative therapies for degenerated discs, future studies must aim to restore both anatomical and biomechanical properties of the IVDs. The objective of this review is to give a detailed overview about anatomical, radiological, and biomechanical features of the IVDs as well as discuss the structural and functional changes that occur during the degeneration process.
- Subjects :
- 030203 arthritis & rheumatology
musculoskeletal diseases
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Future studies
business.industry
Biomechanics
Intervertebral disc
Degeneration (medical)
medicine.disease
musculoskeletal system
Degenerative disc disease
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Vascularity
medicine.anatomical_structure
Axial compression
medicine
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Surgery
Disc Biology
medicine.symptom
business
Process (anatomy)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22114599
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- s1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International journal of spine surgery
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9d8af93a57e34100eea00f819c56bc40