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Effects of acute and longer-term dietary restriction on upper gut motility, hormone, appetite, and energy-intake responses to duodenal lipid in lean and obese men
- Source :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition. 99(1)
- Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Background: A 4-d 70% energy restriction enhances gastrointestinal sensitivity to nutrients associated with enhanced energy-intake suppression by lipid. To our knowledge, it is unknown whether these changes occur with 30% energy restriction and are sustained in the longer term. Conclusions: A 4-d 30% energy restriction modestly affects responses to intraduodenal lipid in health and obesity but not energy intake, whereas a 12-wk energy restriction, associated with weight-loss, enhances lipid-induced BPP and peptide YY and reduces food intake, suggesting that energy restriction increases gastrointestinal sensitivity to lipid. This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (www.anzctr.org.au) as 12609000943246. Design: Twelve obese males were studied before (day 0) and after 4 d (day 5), 4 wk (week 4), and 12 wk (week 12), and 12 lean males were studied before and after 4 d of consumption of a 30% energy- restricted diet. On each study day, antropyloroduodenal pressures, gut hormones, and appetite during a 120-min (2.86-kcal/min) intraduodenal lipid infusion and energy intake at a buffet lunch were measured. Objectives: We hypothesized that 1) a 4-d 30% energy restriction would enhance effects of intraduodenal lipid on gastrointestinal motility, gut hormones, appetite, and energy intake in lean and obese men and 2) a 12-wk energy restriction associated with weight-loss would diminish effects of acute energy restriction on responses to lipid in in obese men. Results: On day 5, fasting cholecystokinin was less, and ghrelin was higher, in lean (P < 0.05) but not obese men, and lipid-stimulated cholecystokinin and peptide YY and the desire to eat were greater in both groups (P < 0.05), with no differences in energy intakes compared with on day 0. In obese men, a 12-wk energy restriction led to weight loss (9.7 ± 0.7 kg). Lipid-induced basal pyloric pressures (BPPs), peptide-YY, and the desire to eat were greater (P < 0.05), whereas the amount eaten was less (P < 0.05), at weeks 4 and 12 compared with day 0. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
obesity
Calorie
Duodenum
media_common.quotation_subject
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Appetite
Young Adult
Thinness
Weight loss
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Peptide YY
Obesity
Life Style
Pylorus
media_common
Cholecystokinin
Nutrition and Dietetics
Anthropometry
business.industry
Lipid metabolism
Fasting
Feeding Behavior
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Lipid Metabolism
gastrointestinal
Ghrelin
Diet
Endocrinology
dietary
medicine.symptom
business
Energy Intake
Gastrointestinal Motility
New Zealand
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19383207
- Volume :
- 99
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9d18871059d0fb4a8ff02991bf7367fe