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Role of Positron Emission Tomography for Central Nervous System Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Status and Perspectives
- Source :
- Current medicinal chemistry. 25(26)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- In the last years, an increasing interest in molecular imaging has been raised by the extending potential of positron emission tomography [PET]. The role of PET imaging, originally confined to the oncology setting, is continuously extending thanks to the development of novel radiopharmaceutical and to the implementation of hybrid imaging techniques, where PET scans are combined with computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] in order to improve spatial resolution. Early preclinical studies suggested that 18F–FDG PET can detect neuroinflammation; new developing radiopharmaceuticals targeting more specifically inflammation-related molecules are moving in this direction. Neurological involvement is a distinct feature of various systemic autoimmune diseases, i.e. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] or Behcet’s disease [BD]. Although MRI is largely considered the gold-standard imaging technique for the detection of Central Nervous System [CNS] involvement in these disorders. Several patients complain of neuropsychiatric symptoms [headache, epilepsy, anxiety or depression] in the absence of any significant MRI finding; in such patients the diagnosis relies mainly on clinical examination and often the role of the disease process versus iatrogenic or reactive forms is doubtful. The aim of this review is to explore the state-of-the-art for the role of PET imaging in CNS involvement in systemic rheumatic diseases. In addition, we explore the potential role of emerging radiopharmaceutical and their possible application in aiding the diagnosis of CNS involvement in systemic autoimmune diseases.
- Subjects :
- Vasculitis
Central Nervous System
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Positron emission tomography
Systemic lupus erythematosu
Disease
Behcet's disease
Biochemistry
NO
Autoimmune Diseases
03 medical and health sciences
Epilepsy
0302 clinical medicine
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
Drug Discovery
medicine
Humans
Neuroinflammation
Depression (differential diagnoses)
030203 arthritis & rheumatology
Pharmacology
Behcet’s disease
Brain
Central nervous system
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
Magnetic resonance imaging
medicine.disease
Positron-Emission Tomography
Molecular Medicine
Molecular imaging
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1875533X
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 26
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current medicinal chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9d06d403f984aa97745c27d3f706a391