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Diminutive, degraded but dissimilar: Wolbachia genomes from filarial nematodes do not conform to a single paradigm
- Source :
- Microbial Genomics, Microbial genomics
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Microbiology Society, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Wolbachia are alpha-proteobacteria symbionts infecting a large range of arthropod species and two different families of nematodes. Interestingly, these endosymbionts are able to induce diverse phenotypes in their hosts: they are reproductive parasites within many arthropods, nutritional mutualists within some insects and obligate mutualists within their filarial nematode hosts. Defining Wolbachia ‘species’ is controversial and so they are commonly classified into 17 different phylogenetic lineages, termed supergroups, named A–F, H–Q and S. However, available genomic data remain limited and not representative of the full Wolbachia diversity; indeed, of the 24 complete genomes and 55 draft genomes of Wolbachia available to date, 84 % belong to supergroups A and B, exclusively composed of Wolbachia from arthropods. For the current study, we took advantage of a recently developed DNA-enrichment method to produce four complete genomes and two draft genomes of Wolbachia from filarial nematodes. Two complete genomes, wCtub and wDcau, are the smallest Wolbachia genomes sequenced to date (863 988 bp and 863 427 bp, respectively), as well as the first genomes representing supergroup J. These genomes confirm the validity of this supergroup, a controversial clade due to weaknesses of the multilocus sequence typing approach. We also produced the first draft Wolbachia genome from a supergroup F filarial nematode representative (wMhie), two genomes from supergroup D (wLsig and wLbra) and the complete genome of wDimm from supergroup C. Our new data confirm the paradigm of smaller Wolbachia genomes from filarial nematodes containing low levels of transposable elements and the absence of intact bacteriophage sequences, unlike many Wolbachia from arthropods, where both are more abundant. However, we observe differences among the Wolbachia genomes from filarial nematodes: no global co-evolutionary pattern, strong synteny between supergroup C and supergroup J Wolbachia, and more transposable elements observed in supergroup D Wolbachia compared to the other supergroups. Metabolic pathway analysis indicates several highly conserved pathways (haem and nucleotide biosynthesis, for example) as opposed to more variable pathways, such as vitamin B biosynthesis, which might be specific to certain host–symbiont associations. Overall, there appears to be no single Wolbachia –filarial nematode pattern of co-evolution or symbiotic relationship.
- Subjects :
- Genomics
Systems Microbiology: Large-scale comparative genomics
Genome
Evolution, Molecular
03 medical and health sciences
Genome Size
parasitic diseases
Databases, Genetic
Animals
Clade
reproductive and urinary physiology
Filarioidea
Phylogeny
filarial nematodes
030304 developmental biology
Synteny
0303 health sciences
biology
Phylogenetic tree
Obligate
030306 microbiology
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Sequence Analysis, DNA
General Medicine
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
biology.organism_classification
symbiosis
Evolutionary biology
bacteria
Multilocus sequence typing
Wolbachia
target enrichment
Genome, Bacterial
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20575858
- Volume :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Microbial Genomics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9ce8e0650169b9a7bed6e501e320d20e