Passion fruit juice stability conditioned in steel packings with different organic coverings

Orientadores: Hilary Castle de Menezes, Silvia Tondella Dantas Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferentes especificações de envernizamento interno do corpo e da costura lateral de latas de folha-de-flandres de três peças, formadas por eletrossolda, no acondicionamento de suco de maracujá pronto para beber, por meio de teste de estocagem e avaliação do desempenho em relação à interação embalagem/alimento. Durante o estudo foram avaliados três sistemas de revestimento orgânico interno da embalagem, sendo o primeiro composto de verniz epóxi-fenólico líquido aplicado na folha plana e verniz epóxi-vinílico-acrilado líquido aplicado na região da solda; o segundo um verniz epóxi-fenólico líquido aplicado na folha plana, verniz epóxi-vinílico-acrilado líquido aplicado na solda e uma segunda camada de verniz epóxi modificado líquido, aplicado por spray após a formação da lata e o terceiro um verniz líquido epóxi-fenólico aplicado na folha plana e verniz poliéster em pó aplicado na solda, denominados latas Normal, Repair e Pó, respectivamente. As embalagens foram caracterizadas quanto ao tipo de material metálico (espessura, dureza e camadas de estanho e cromo), avaliação do fechamento (recravação), atendimento aos requisitos de embalagens para contato com alimentos previstos pela Legislação Brasileira e pelo MERCOSUL e caracterização dos revestimentos orgânicos do corpo, tampa, fundo e side stripe, em relação à camada seca, identificação, aderência, porosidade e grau de cura. O teste de estocagem foi realizado pelo período de 6 meses em duas condições de temperatura controlada, 25oC ± 2°C e 35oC ± 3oC, com avaliações periódicas a intervalos de 15 dias no primeiro mês, 30 dias no segundo mês e de 60 dias até completar 180 dias de estocagem. Os parâmetros de avaliação periódica foram aparência visual interna das latas, nível de vácuo, composição de gases (O2, N2, CO2 e H2) no espaço-livre da embalagem, avaliação sensorial, avaliação instrumental de cor, pH, acidez, estimativa dos sólidos solúveis (°Brix), concentração de ferro, estanho e cromo no suco de maracujá e conteúdo de vitamina C, sendo que este último foi determinado apenas ao zero dia, 15 e 180 dias de estocagem Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate different specifications of welded three piece tinplate cans with respect to the internal body passion fruit juice. The evaluation was by a storage test, evaluating the performance relative to food/packaging interaction. Three systems of internal organic coatings of the cans were analyzed. The first was composed of a liquid epoxy-phenolic lacquer applied to the flat tinplate and liquid epoxyvinillic-acrylate lacquer applied to the side stripe. The second type was a liquid epoxyphenolic lacquer applied to the flat tinplate and a liquid epoxy-vinillic-acrylate lacquer applied to the side stripe and a second layer of liquid modified epoxy lacquer, applied by spraying after the formation of the can. The third type was a liquid epoxy-phenolic lacquer applied to the flat tinplate and a powdered polyester lacquer applied to the side stripe. The systems were denominated Normal, Repair and Pó, respectively. The cans were characterized according to the type of metallic material (thickness, hardness and tin and chromium layers), evaluation of the double seams, approval for contact with foodstuffs in accordance with the procedures and rules of the Brazilian and MERCOSUR Legislation and evaluation of the organic coatings of the body, bottom, end and side stripe, in relation to the internal lacquer weight, porosity, identification, adherence and curing degree. The storage test was conducted during a period of 6 months under two conditions of controlled temperature, 25°C ± 2°C and 35°C ± 3°C, with evaluations at intervals of 15 days during the first month, 30 days up to the second month and then every 60 days to complete 180 days of storage. The parameters included in the evaluations were visual internal appearance of the cans, vacuum level, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen composition of the cans headspace, sensorial analysis, instrumental evaluation of color, pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Brix), iron, tin and chromium concentration in the passion fruit juice and ascorbic acid content (vitamin C), which was only determined at zero day and after 15 and 180 days of storage. The results showed that all cans presented no restriction for use in contact with aqueous acid foodstuffs (pH < 5;0) at processing temperatures of up to 100ºC, followed by prolonged use at temperatures of up to 40ºC. The results for vacuum level, pH, acidity and soluble solids in the juice remarried stable at the two temperatures throughout storage. In the same period at both temperatures, there was a decrease in vitamin content and a slight darkening of the juice. The alterations observed in the visual internal evaluation and the increase in hydrogen concentration in the can headspace and iron and tin concentrations in the juice, demonstrated the beginning of internal can corrosion. The sensorial evaluation demonstrated a loss of quality of the juice packed in the three cans, mainly in the cans stored at 35°C, but all juices maintained acceptable quality up to the 180th day of storage. The storage test showed that the three kinds of cans presented good performance for the packaging of passion fruit juice and that the sample with powdered lacquer on the side stripe presented a worse performance than the other two systems studied, due to the smaller protection offered by the lacquer applied to the body. The study allowed for the conclusion that the three packages studied could be used in the packaging of passion fruit juice with a shelf life of up to 6 months Mestrado Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos