A novel application of nylon membranes for tributyltin determination in complex environmental samples by fluorescence spectroscopy and multivariate calibration

The widely distributed pollutant tributyltin (TBT) was analyzed in different environmental samples (waters and sediments) combining preconcentration on a nylon membrane, excitation–emission fluorescence matrices directly measured over the membrane and second-order multivariate calibration. The latter was implemented using unfolded partial least-squares with residual bilinearization (U-PLS/RBL), a flexible algorithm achieving second-order advantage, even under severe spectral overlapping among sample components. Matrix-specific calibrations were required to overcome matrix effects, resulting in good analytical performance. TBT was determined in the concentration ranges 0.043–1.42 ng Sn mL− 1 in water and 24–400 μg Sn kg− 1 in sediments, with adequate detection limits in the range 0.03–0.15 ng Sn mL− 1. Fil: Bravo, Manuel A.. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso; Chile Fil: Escandar, Graciela Monica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina Fil: Olivieri, Alejandro Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina Fil: Bardin, Emmanuelle. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso; Chile Fil: Aguilar, Luis F.. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso; Chile Fil: Quiroz, Waldo. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso; Chile