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Measures of general and central obesity and risk of type 2 diabetes in a Ghanaian population
- Source :
- Tropical medicineinternational health : TMIH. 18(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Objective The epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is evident in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, their associations have hardly been examined in this region. Methods A hospital-based case–control study in urban Ghana consisting of 1221 adults (542 cases and 679 controls) investigated the role of anthropometric parameters for diabetes. Logistic regression was used for analysis. The discriminative power and population-specific cut-off points for diabetes were identified by receiver operating characteristic curves. Results The strongest association with diabetes was observed for waist-to-hip ratio: age-adjusted odds ratios per 1 standard deviation difference were 1.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64–2.31) in women and 1.40 [1.01–1.94] in men. Also, among women, the odds of diabetes increased with higher waist circumference (1.35 [1.17–1.57]) and waist-to-height ratio (1.29 [1.12–1.50]). Among men, this was not discernible. Rather, hip circumference was inversely related (0.69 [0.50–0.95]). Body mass index was neither associated with diabetes in women (1.01 [0.88–1.15]) nor in men (0.74 [0.52–1.04]). Among both genders, waist-to-hip ratio showed the best discriminative ability for diabetes in this population and the optimal cut-off points were ≥0.88 in women and ≥0.90 in men. Recommended cut-off points for body mass index and waist circumference had a poor predictive ability. Conclusion Our findings suggest that measures of central rather than general obesity relate to type 2 diabetes in SSA. It remains to be verified from larger population-based epidemiological studies whether anthropometric targets of obesity prevention in SSA differ from those in developed countries. Objectif Examiner l'association entre l'obesite et le diabete de type 2 en Afrique subsaharienne (ASS). Methodes Etude cas-temoins basee sur l'hopital en milieu urbain au Ghana, portant sur 1221 adultes (542 cas et 679 temoins) investiguant sur l'incidence des parametres anthropometriques (indice de masse corporelle [IMC], tour de taille, tour des hanches [HC], rapport ceinture-hanche et rapport ceinture-taille dans le diabete. La regression logistique a ete utilisee pour l'analyse. Le pouvoir discriminant et des seuils specifiques aux populations pour le diabete ont ete identifies par des courbes caracteristiques «receiver operating». Resultats La plus forte association avec le diabete a ete observee pour le rapport ceinture-hanches: les rapports de cotes (odds ratios) ajustes pour l’âge par une difference de 1 ecart-type etaient de 1,95 (intervalle de confiance [IC] a 95%: 1,64 a 2,31) chez les femmes et 1,40 [1,01 a 1,94] chez les hommes. De plus, chez les femmes, les chances de diabete augmentent avec un tour de taille (1,35 [1,17 a 1,57]) et un rapport ceinture-taille (1,29 [1,12 a 1,50]) plus eleves. Chez les hommes, cela n’etait pas perceptible. Au contraire, le tour de hanches etait inversement associe (0,69 [0,50 a 0,95]). L’IMC n’etait ni associe au diabete chez les femmes (1,01 [0,88 a 1,15]), ni chez les hommes (0,74 [0,52 a 1,04]). Chez les deux sexes, le rapport ceinture-hanche a montre la meilleure capacite discriminative pour le diabete dans cette population et les seuils optimaux etaient de 0,88 chez les femmes et 0,90 chez les hommes. Les seuils recommandes pour l’IMC et le tour de taille ont une faible capacite predictive. Conclusion Nos resultats suggerent que les mesures de l'obesite centrale plutot que generale se rapportent au diabete de type 2 en ASS. Il reste a verifier dans de grandes etudes epidemiologiques de population si les objectifs anthropometriques de la prevention de l'obesite en ASS different de ceux des pays developpes. Objetivo Examinar las asociaciones entre la obesidad y la diabetes tipo 2 en Africa subsahariana (ASS). Metodos Estudio hospitalario de casos y controles en zonas urbanas de Ghana con 1221 adultos (542 casos y 679 controles) para investigar el papel de los parametros antropometricos (indice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de la cintura, circunferencia de la cadera [CC], el indice cintura-cadera y el indice de cintura-altura en diabetes. El analisis se realizo mediante una regresion logistica. El poder discriminatorio y los puntos de corte poblacionales especificos para diabetes se identificaron mediante curvas ROC caracteristicas. Resultados La mayor asociacion con diabetes se observaba con el indice cintura-cadera, la razon de probabilidades ajustada por edad con una desviacion estandar de diferencia era de 1.95 (IC 95%: 1.64–2.31) en mujeres y 1.40 [1.01–1.94] en hombres. Tambien, entre mujeres, la probabilidad de diabetes aumentaba con una mayor circunferencia de la cintura (1.35 [1.17–1.57]) y el indice cintura-altura (1.29 [1.12–1.50]). Entre hombres esta relacion no era discernible. Mas bien la circunferencia de la cadera estaba inversamente relacionada (0.69 [0.50–0.95]). El IMC no estaba asociado ni con la diabetes en mujeres (1.01 [0.88–1.15]) ni en hombres (0.74 [0.52–1.04]). En ambos generos, el indice cintura-cadera mostro la mayor habilidad discriminatoria para diabetes en esta poblacion y los puntos de corte optimos eran ≥0.88 en mujeres y ≥0.90 en hombres. Los puntos de corte recomendados para IMC y la circunferencia de la cintura tenian una capacidad vaticinadora pobre. Conclusion Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que las medidas de obesidad central, mas que las de obesidad general estan relacionadas con la diabetes tipo 2 en ASS. Aun ha de verificarse, mediante estudios epidemiologicos en poblaciones mas amplias, si los objetivos antropometricos de prevencion de la obesidad en ASS son diferentes a aquellos en paises desarrollados.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
Black People
Type 2 diabetes
Ghana
Body Mass Index
Risk Factors
Medicine
Body Fat Distribution
Humans
education
Africa South of the Sahara
Body fat distribution
Aged
Gynecology
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Waist-Hip Ratio
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Obesity
Infectious Diseases
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
ROC Curve
Case-Control Studies
Obesity, Abdominal
Parasitology
Female
Waist Circumference
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13653156
- Volume :
- 18
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Tropical medicineinternational health : TMIH
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9cce7d5f37185c26779135ca90ea1a60