État, islam et tribus face aux organisations internationales. Le cas de l'Afghanistan, 1978-1998

State islam and tribes facing international organizations. The case of Afghanistan 1978-1998. This paper analyses the confrontation of society, state and tribes with an omnipresent actor in the Afghan crisis : the UN agencies and other international organizations (IO). We intend to show in which way this actor is a factor of change and social recomposition, and how the different political parties, commanders and factions brought into play strategies of adaptation and resistance. Till the advent of the Talihan (1994), the IO were put in the following contradiction : although they identify themselves with the universal and egalitarian principles, they are forced to interact with local pettychiefs of regional powers. These latter share with them at best, only the discourse of democracy and human rights. The paper concludes that the Talihan and the IO are at variance both about the priorities and the finalities of humanitarian programmes and about their underlying philosophies. The formers tolerate the presence of the seconds for pragmatic reasons or in order to obtain international recognition.
Centlivres Pierre, Centlivres-Demont Micheline. État, islam et tribus face aux organisations internationales. Le cas de l'Afghanistan, 1978-1998. In: Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales. 54ᵉ année, N. 4, 1999. pp. 945-965.