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Application of the TGx‐28.65 transcriptomic biomarker to classify genotoxic and non‐genotoxic chemicals in human TK6 cells in the presence of rat liver S9
- Source :
- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2016.
-
Abstract
- In vitro transcriptional signatures that predict toxicities can facilitate chemical screening. We previously developed a transcriptomic biomarker (known as TGx‐28.65) for classifying agents as genotoxic (DNA damaging) and non‐genotoxic in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. Because TK6 cells do not express cytochrome P450s, we confirmed accurate classification by the biomarker in cells co‐exposed to 1% 5,6 benzoflavone/phenobarbital‐induced rat liver S9 for metabolic activation. However, chemicals may require different types of S9 for activation. Here we investigated the response of TK6 cells to higher percentages of Aroclor‐, benzoflavone/phenobarbital‐, or ethanol‐induced rat liver S9 to expand TGx‐28.65 biomarker applicability. Transcriptional profiles were derived 3 to 4 hr following a 4 hr co‐exposure of TK6 cells to test chemicals and S9. Preliminary studies established that 10% Aroclor‐ and 5% ethanol‐induced S9 alone did not induce the TGx‐28.65 biomarker genes. Seven genotoxic and two non‐genotoxic chemicals (and concurrent solvent and positive controls) were then tested with one of the S9s (selected based on cell survival and micronucleus induction). Relative survival and micronucleus frequency was assessed by flow cytometry in cells 20 hr post‐exposure. Genotoxic/non‐genotoxic chemicals were accurately classified using the different S9s. One technical replicate of cells co‐treated with dexamethasone and 10% Aroclor‐induced S9 was falsely classified as genotoxic, suggesting caution in using high S9 concentrations. Even low concentrations of genotoxic chemicals (those not causing cytotoxicity) were correctly classified, demonstrating that TGx‐28.65 is a sensitive biomarker of genotoxicity. A meta‐analysis of datasets from 13 chemicals supports that different S9s can be used in TK6 cells, without impairing classification using the TGx‐28.65 biomarker. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:243–260, 2016. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis © 2016 Environmental Mutagen Society
- Subjects :
- Genetic Markers
0301 basic medicine
Aroclors
Epidemiology
furan
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Apoptosis
S9
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Cell Line
Flow cytometry
Activation, Metabolic
Transcriptome
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Animals
Humans
micronucleus
Research Articles
genetic toxicology
Genetics (clinical)
Benzoflavones
Genetics
Ethanol
medicine.diagnostic_test
Mutagenicity Tests
Gene Expression Profiling
Lymphoblast
Rats
3. Good health
030104 developmental biology
Liver
Cell culture
Phenobarbital
toxicogenomics
Cancer research
biomarker
Biomarker (medicine)
TGx‐28.65 biomarker
metabolic activation
Micronucleus
Toxicogenomics
Genotoxicity
Mutagens
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10982280 and 08936692
- Volume :
- 57
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9c4fc0d47a16e8b7383df54f91fbf6c6