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Neuroanatomical changes in people with high schizotypy
- Source :
- Psychological Medicine, 48(11), 1880-1889. Cambridge University Press, Modinos, G, Egerton, A, McLaughlin, A, McMullen, K, Kumari, V, Lythgoe, D J, Barker, G J, Aleman, A & Williams, S C R 2017, ' Neuroanatomical changes in people with high schizotypy: relationship to glutamate levels ', Psychological Medicine, pp. 1-10 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717003403
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- BackgroundCortical glutamatergic dysfunction is thought to be fundamental for psychosis development, and may lead to structural degeneration through excitotoxicity. Glutamate levels have been related to gray matter volume (GMV) alterations in people at ultra-high risk of psychosis, and we previously reported GMV changes in individuals with high schizotypy (HS), which refers to the expression of schizophrenia-like characteristics in healthy people. This study sought to examine whether GMV changes in HS subjects are related to glutamate levels.MethodsWe selected 22 healthy subjects with HS and 23 healthy subjects with low schizotypy (LS) based on their rating on a self-report questionnaire for psychotic-like experiences. Glutamate levels were measured in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and GMV was assessed using voxel-based morphometry.ResultsSubjects with HS showed GMV decreases in the rolandic operculum/superior temporal gyrus (pFWE = 0.045). Significant increases in GMV were also detected in HS, in the precuneus (pFWE = 0.043), thereby replicating our previous finding in a separate cohort, as well as in the ACC (pFWE = 0.041). While the HS and LS groups did not differ in ACC glutamate levels, in HS subjects ACC glutamate was negatively correlated with ACC GMV (pFWE = 0.026). Such association was absent in LS.ConclusionsOur study shows that GMV findings in schizotypy are related to glutamate levels, supporting the hypothesis that glutamatergic function may lead to structural changes associated with the expression of psychotic-like experiences.
- Subjects :
- Male
Schizotypy
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Excitotoxicity
Precuneus
medicine.disease_cause
Superior temporal gyrus
1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA
0302 clinical medicine
psychosis
Gray Matter
gray matter volume
Applied Psychology
Cerebral Cortex
Glutamate receptor
Middle Aged
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY
Female
Adult
Psychosis
medicine.medical_specialty
MRS
Adolescent
Glutamic Acid
glutamate
Gyrus Cinguli
Article
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
RISK MENTAL STATE
PSYCHOSIS
Internal medicine
medicine
MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Humans
Anterior cingulate cortex
GRAY-MATTER VOLUME
METAANALYSIS
business.industry
Voxel-based morphometry
BRAIN STRUCTURE
medicine.disease
030227 psychiatry
Endocrinology
GREY-MATTER
business
sMRI
CORTICAL THICKNESS
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00332917
- Volume :
- 48
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Psychological Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9c2bbd4d1fe8876cf7dc205a20359fda