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Gene copy number variations as signatures of adaptive evolution in the parthenogenetic, plant‐parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita
- Source :
- Molecular Ecology, Molecular Ecology, Wiley, 2019, 28 (10), pp.2559-2572. ⟨10.1111/mec.15095⟩, Molecular Ecology, 2019, 28 (10), pp.2559-2572. ⟨10.1111/mec.15095⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2019.
-
Abstract
- International audience; Adaptation to changing environmental conditions represents a challenge to parthenogenetic organisms, and until now, how phenotypic variants are generated in clones in response to the selection pressure of their environment remains poorly known. The obligatory parthenogenetic root-knot nematode species Meloidogyne incognita has a worldwide distribution and is the most devastating plant-parasitic nematode. Despite its asexual reproduction, this species exhibits an unexpected capacity of adaptation to environmental constraints, for example, resistant hosts. Here, we used a genomewide comparative hybridization strategy to evaluate variations in gene copy numbers between genotypes of M. incognita resulting from two parallel experimental evolution assays on a susceptible vs. resistant host plant. We detected gene copy number variations (CNVs) associated with the ability of the nematodes to overcome resistance of the host plant, and this genetic variation may reflect an adaptive response to host resistance in this parthenogenetic species. The CNV distribution throughout the nematode genome is not random and suggests the occurrence of genomic regions more prone to undergo duplications and losses in response to the selection pressure of the host resistance. Furthermore, our analysis revealed an outstanding level of gene loss events in nematode genotypes that have overcome the resistance. Overall, our results support the view that gene loss could be a common class of adaptive genetic mechanism in response to a challenging new biotic environment in clonal animals.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
DNA Copy Number Variations
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Asexual reproduction
Plant Roots
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Evolution, Molecular
gene copy number variations
03 medical and health sciences
Reproduction, Asexual
Genetic variation
Genetics
Meloidogyne incognita
Animals
Tylenchoidea
experimental evolution
Copy-number variation
parthenogenesis
root-knot nematodes
Gene
Plant Physiological Phenomena
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Plant Diseases
Experimental evolution
adaptive evolution
biology
Genomics
Plants
biology.organism_classification
Biological Evolution
030104 developmental biology
Nematode
13. Climate action
array comparative genomic hybridization
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Adaptation
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1365294X and 09621083
- Volume :
- 28
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Molecular Ecology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9bf5b5059677b3eaa47d78c8aeaac722