Conservation physiology and the quest for a ‘good’ Anthropocene

The term ‘Anthropocene’ describes Earth's current geological period, which is characterized by human-induced changes to our atmosphere, geology and biodiversity. Although the narrative surrounding the fate of the world's species and ecosystems is often negative, many researchers are calling for strategies that can contribute to a ‘good Anthropocene’. We outline how the field of conservation physiology can infuse optimistic perspectives, pragmatic approaches and heightened public engagement into this pursuit.
It has been proposed that we are now living in a new geological epoch known as the Anthropocene, which is specifically defined by the impacts that humans are having on the Earth's biological diversity and geology. Although the proposal of this term was borne out of an acknowledgement of the negative changes we are imparting on the globe (e.g. climate change, pollution, coastal erosion, species extinctions), there has recently been action amongst a variety of disciplines aimed at achieving a ‘good Anthropocene’ that strives to balance societal needs and the preservation of the natural world. Here, we outline ways that the discipline of conservation physiology can help to delineate a hopeful, progressive and productive path for conservation in the Anthropocene and, specifically, achieve that vision. We focus on four primary ways that conservation physiology can contribute, as follows: (i) building a proactive approach to conservation; (ii) encouraging a pragmatic perspective; (iii) establishing an appreciation for environmental resilience; and (iv) informing and engaging the public and political arenas. As a collection of passionate individuals combining theory, technological advances, public engagement and a dedication to achieving conservation success, conservation physiologists are poised to make meaningful contributions to the productive, motivational and positive way forward that is necessary to curb and reverse negative human impact on the environment.