Zaštitni i rizični čimbenici u prilagodbi na pandemiju COVID-19 u Republici Hrvatskoj

Sukladno do sada provedenim istraživanjima u svijetu i Europi pandemija koronavirusa (COVID-19) izazvala je u samo nekoliko tjedana znatne negativne utjecaje na mentalno zdravlje stanovnika zahvaćenih zemalja. Ovaj je rad dio većeg istraživačkog projekta „Neki aspekti mentalnog zdravlja za vrijeme pandemije COVID-19“ provedenog u Hrvatskoj. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 1482 sudionika prosječne dobi 33,3 godine (SD= 12,2). Ispitana je povezanost različitih aspekata pandemije s rizičnim i zaštitnim čimbenicima mentalnog zdravlja sudionika. Kao instrumenti korišteni su Upitnik o određenim aspektima pandemije i Upitnik o sociodemografskim podatcima. Rezultati pokazuju da se sudionici razlikuju u procjenama rizičnosti, ozbiljnosti, praćenju medijskih novosti, percipiranom strahu od zaraze i elementima zdravstvene pismenosti s obzirom na opće demografske varijable (spol, bračni status, broj djece, broj članova kućanstva), ali i s obzirom na karakteristike koje ih stavljaju u rizik kao što su dob, mjere samoizolacije te prisutnost kronične bolesti. U radu su detaljno raspravljeni rezultati i praktične implikacije.
According to studies conducted so far both in Europe and globally, the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) produced a significant negative impact on population mental health in the affected countries within just a few weeks. This paper is part of a larger research project conducted in Croatia titled Some aspects of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted on a sample of 1482 respondents with an average age of 33.3 years (SD = 12.2). The focus of this paper was the correlation between various aspects of the pandemic and risk vs. protective factors for population mental health. The Pandemic Aspects Questionnaire and Questionnaire of Sociodemographic Data were used as research instruments. The results showed that respondents significantly differed in their assessments of risk and severity and in how closely they followed the updates in the media, in their perceived fear of infection, and in health literacy levels with regard to general demographic variables (sex, marital status, number of children, number of household members), but also in their risk characteristics such as age, self-isolation measures, and chronic disease. The results and practical implications are discussed in detail.