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Single, Large, Daily Dosing Versus Intermittent Dosing of Tobramycin for Treating Experimental Pseudomonas Pneumonia
- Source :
- Journal of Infectious Diseases. 158:7-12
- Publication Year :
- 1988
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 1988.
-
Abstract
- Single, large, daily aminoglycoside doses in animals are less toxic than conventional dosing, and higher drug concentrations in vitro produce more-rapid bacterial killing. Thus, we compared various aminoglycoside dosing schedules in neutropenic (n = 153) and nonneutropenic (n = 192) guinea pigs with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Equivalent tobramycin dosages were given: 5 mg/kg every 4 h or 30 mg/kg every 24 h. Animals were serially killed during therapy, and quantitative lung cultures were performed. Bacterial titers in lungs dropped rapidly in all tobramycin-treated animals, both neutropenic and nonneutropenic, during the initial 16 h of therapy. In nonneutropenic guinea pigs, lung titers remained constant despite continued 4-h dosing. With subsequent 24-h dosing, titers continued to drop, and by 72 h there were a significant number of animals with sterile lungs (P less than .01). In neutropenic guinea pigs given tobramycin every 24 h, bacterial regrowth occurred; thus, therapy was ineffective. Adding mezlocillin, however, suppressed regrowth; thus, combination therapy was superior (P less than .05).
- Subjects :
- Neutropenia
Combination therapy
medicine.drug_class
Guinea Pigs
Antibiotics
Caviidae
Pharmacology
Tobramycin
Animals
Immunology and Allergy
Medicine
Pseudomonas Infections
Dosing
Mezlocillin
biology
business.industry
Aminoglycoside
Pneumonia
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Infectious Diseases
Immunology
Drug Therapy, Combination
business
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15376613 and 00221899
- Volume :
- 158
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....984f723bdf03d9dcf8d5e0f8ff302873