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Previous exposure to dengue virus is associated with increased Zika virus burden at the maternal-fetal interface in rhesus macaques
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009641 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Concerns have arisen that pre-existing immunity to dengue virus (DENV) could enhance Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, due to the homology between ZIKV and DENV and the observation of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) among DENV serotypes. To date, no study has examined the impact of pre-existing DENV immunity on ZIKV pathogenesis during pregnancy in a translational non-human primate model. Here we show that macaques with a prior DENV-2 exposure had a higher burden of ZIKV vRNA in maternal-fetal interface tissues as compared to DENV-naive macaques. However, pre-existing DENV immunity had no detectable impact on ZIKV replication kinetics in maternal plasma, and all pregnancies progressed to term without adverse outcomes or gross fetal abnormalities detectable at delivery. Understanding the risks of ADE to pregnant women worldwide is critical as vaccines against DENV and ZIKV are developed and licensed and as DENV and ZIKV continue to circulate.<br />Author summary Zika virus (ZIKV) gained global attention during an explosive outbreak in the Americas in 2015–16 when it was causally associated with the constellation of birth defects now termed congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). However, a substantial proportion of gestational ZIKV infections result in babies without apparent birth defects. Could there be other factors that influence ZIKV pathogenicity? For example, it is well-established that pre-existing immunity to one dengue virus (DENV) serotype can enhance the severity of a secondary DENV infection. ZIKV is antigenically closely related to DENV, but whether DENV-specific antibodies enhance the severity of ZIKV infection is unclear. To answer this question, we used our non-human primate model of ZIKV to assess the impact of pre-existing immunity to DENV on ZIKV pathogenesis during pregnancy. We did not observe any difference in ZIKV replication in plasma between macaques that were immune to DENV and those that were not. However, there was more ZIKV vRNA detected in the placenta of macaques immune to DENV, suggesting DENV immunity could enhance ZIKV infection of the placenta. As vaccines to both DENV and ZIKV are developed, it remains critical to understand the risks of DENV immunity for pregnant women exposed to ZIKV.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
RNA viruses
Viral Diseases
Embryology
Physiology
viruses
Placenta
Maternal Health
RC955-962
Dengue virus
Monkeys
medicine.disease_cause
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Antibodies, Viral
Virus Replication
Macaque
Biochemistry
Zika virus
Dengue
0302 clinical medicine
Medical Conditions
Pregnancy
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Antigens, Viral
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Mammals
Immune System Proteins
biology
Zika Virus Infection
virus diseases
Eukaryota
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Viral Pathogens
Vertebrates
Viruses
RNA, Viral
Female
Antibody
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Pathogens
Anatomy
Viral load
Research Article
Primates
Immunology
Viremia
Microbiology
Antibodies
03 medical and health sciences
Immunity
biology.animal
Old World monkeys
Animals
Microbial Pathogens
Biology and life sciences
Flaviviruses
business.industry
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Reproductive System
Proteins
Zika Virus
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Dengue Virus
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Virology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
030104 developmental biology
Viral replication
Amniotes
biology.protein
Women's Health
business
Zoology
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19352735 and 19352727
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....97cb34d2eb88794661edd46e3577adf5