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Health risk assessment of arsenic and other potentially toxic elements in drinking water from an industrial zone of Gujrat, Pakistan: a case study
- Source :
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 191
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Present study aimed to provide a baseline data on arsenic (As) and other potentially toxic element (PTEs; Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) contamination in groundwater and soils (surface and sub-surface) from an industrial area of district Gujrat, Pakistan. Statistical parameters, principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR), and health risk assessment model were used to elaborate the interrelations, source contributor, and associated health risks. This study revealed that the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb in drinking water were within the permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO). However, As and Ni concentrations exceeded the WHO limits of 10 μg/L for As and 0.07 mg/L for Ni. In soils, the concentration of Cr was within permissible limits, whereas As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb exceeded the prescribed values. Solid waste and industrial effluents from the area also contained high levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb. Calculated health index of As and other PTEs for industrial site and control area was less than 1 which indicated that the groundwater was assumed to be safe for drinking. High contamination of As (15 mg/kg) and other PTEs (Pb was 978, Cr 51, Cu 111, Cd 68, and Ni was 90 mg/kg, respectively) in upper soil could be due to the discharge of industrial effluent prior to the treatment, which signifies the industrial contribution towards As and heavy metal contamination. It can be concluded that critical examination of soil profile affinity to the respective, industrial waste pollutants can reduce the health risks to the local community. This trend not only reveals the geochemistry of the area but also useful for developing a link to access health risk and associated remediation processes.
- Subjects :
- 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Environmental remediation
Industrial Waste
chemistry.chemical_element
010501 environmental sciences
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Risk Assessment
01 natural sciences
Industrial waste
Arsenic
Soil
Metals, Heavy
Humans
Industry
Soil Pollutants
Pakistan
Groundwater
Effluent
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
General Environmental Science
Pollutant
Principal Component Analysis
Health risk assessment
Drinking Water
General Medicine
Contamination
Pollution
chemistry
Environmental chemistry
Soil water
Environmental science
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15732959 and 01676369
- Volume :
- 191
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....97bb9491434fe0f31b8da0f8b44add64