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Adult Stem Cells and Biocompatible Scaffolds as Smart Drug Delivery Tools for Cardiac Tissue Repair
- Source :
- Current Medicinal Chemistry. 20:3429-3447
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2013.
-
Abstract
- The contribution of adult stem cells to cardiac repair is mostly ascribed to an indirect paracrine effect, rather than to their actual engraftment and differentiation into new contractile and vascular cells. This effect consists in a direct reduction of host cell death, promotion of neovascularization, and in a “bystander effect” on local inflammation. A number of cytokines secreted by adult stem/progenitor cells has been proposed to be responsible for the consistent beneficial effect reported in the early attempts to deliver different stem cell subsets to the injured myocardium. Aiming to maximize their beneficial activity on the diseased myocardium, the genetic modification of adult stem cells to enhance and/or control the secretion of specific cytokines would turn them into active drug delivery vectors. On the other hand, engineering biocompatible scaffolds as to release paracrine factors could result in multiple advantages: (1) achieve a local controlled release of the drug of interest, thus minimizing off-target effects, (2) enhance stem cell retention in the injured area and (3) boost the beneficial paracrine effects exerted by adult stem cells on the host tissue. In the present review, a critical overview of the state-of-the-art in the modification of stem cells and the functionalization of biocompatible scaffolds to deliver beneficial soluble factors to the injured myocardium is offered. Besides the number of concerns to be addressed before a clinical application can be foreseen for such concepts, this path could translate into the generation of active scaffolds as smart cell and drug delivery systems for cardiac repair.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Cardiotonic Agents
Heart Diseases
Polymers
Paracrine Communication
Clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells
Biocompatible Materials
Biochemistry
Paracrine signalling
Drug Discovery
medicine
Humans
Progenitor cell
Pharmacology
Drug Carriers
business.industry
Myocardium
Organic Chemistry
Hydrogels
Surgery
Cell biology
Adult Stem Cells
Targeted drug delivery
Drug delivery
Cytokines
Nanoparticles
Molecular Medicine
Stem cell
business
Adult stem cell
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09298673
- Volume :
- 20
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current Medicinal Chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....979d0099c539af3c5a7d784a5798a59b
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2174/09298673113209990032