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Preventable Hospitalizations for Congestive Heart Failure: Establishing a Baseline to Monitor Trends and Disparities
- Source :
- Preventing Chronic Disease
- Publication Year :
- 2012
- Publisher :
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012.
-
Abstract
- INTRODUCTION Preventable hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF) is believed to capture the failure of the outpatient health care system to properly manage and treat CHF. In anticipation of changes in the national health care system, we report baseline rates of these hospitalizations and describe trends by race over 15 years. METHODS We used National Hospital Discharge Survey data from 1995 through 2009, which represent approximately 1% of hospitalizations in the United States each year. We calculated age-, sex-, and race-stratified rates and age- and sex-standardized rates for preventable CHF hospitalizations on the basis of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's specifications, which use civilian population estimates from the US Census Bureau as the denominator for rates. RESULTS Approximately three-fourths of the hospitalizations occurred among people aged 65 years or older. In each subgroup and period, rates were significantly higher (P < .05) for blacks than whites. Only black men aged 18 to 44 showed a linear increase (P = .004) in crude rates across time. Subpopulations aged 65 or older, except black men, showed a linear decrease (P < .05) in crude rates over time. Age- and sex-standardized rates showed a significant linear decrease in rates for whites (P = .01) and a borderline decrease for blacks (P = .06) CONCLUSION Before implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, we found that blacks were disproportionately affected by preventable CHF hospitalizations compared with whites. Our results confirm recent findings that preventable CHF hospitalization rates are declining in whites more than blacks. Alarmingly, rates for younger black men are on the rise.
- Subjects :
- Gerontology
Adult
Male
Aging
Time Factors
Adolescent
Young Adult
Sex Factors
Sex factors
Health care
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Hospital discharge
Medicine
Humans
Young adult
Healthcare Disparities
Original Research
Aged
National health
Aged, 80 and over
Heart Failure
business.industry
Health Policy
Racial Groups
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Middle Aged
Civilian population
medicine.disease
Hospitalization
Heart failure
Female
business
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15451151
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Preventing Chronic Disease
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....97510264ce2059fdade6ac16540c0f51