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Cicadidae Periostracum, the Cast-Off Skin of Cicada, Protects Dopaminergic Neurons in a Model of Parkinson’s Disease
- Source :
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol 2019 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPC) and the striatum. Nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (Nurr1) is a nuclear hormone receptor implicated in limiting mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and inflammation in the central nervous system and protecting dopaminergic neurons and a promising therapeutic target for PD. Cicadidae Periostracum (CP), the cast-off skin of Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius, has been used in traditional medicine for its many clinical pharmacological effects, including the treatment of psychological symptoms in PD. However, scientific evidence for the use of CP in neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, is lacking. Here, we investigated the protective effects of CP on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine- (MPTP-) induced PD in mice and explored the underlying mechanisms of action, focusing on Nurr1. CP increased the expression levels of Nurr1, tyrosine hydroxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, dopamine transporter, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 via extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in differentiated PC12 cells and the mouse SNPC. In MPTP-induced PD, CP promoted recovery from movement impairments. CP prevented dopamine depletion and protected against dopaminergic neuronal degradation via mitochondria-mediated apoptotic proteins such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3 by inhibiting MPTP-induced neuroinflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and glial/microglial activation. Moreover, CP inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammatory cytokines and response levels and glial/microglial activation in BV2 microglia and the mouse brain. Our findings suggest that CP might contribute to neuroprotective signaling by regulating neurotrophic factors primarily via Nurr1 signaling, neuroinflammation, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Aging
Article Subject
Substantia nigra
Pharmacology
Biochemistry
Hemiptera
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Dopamine
Neurotrophic factors
medicine
Animals
lcsh:QH573-671
Neuroinflammation
Skin
Tyrosine hydroxylase
lcsh:Cytology
Chemistry
Pars compacta
Dopaminergic Neurons
MPTP
Dopaminergic
Parkinson Disease
Cell Biology
General Medicine
Disease Models, Animal
Ageing
030104 developmental biology
nervous system
Medicine, Traditional
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Research Article
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19420994 and 19420900
- Volume :
- 2019
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9724f52b4b21b830c49aa136203d18aa
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5797512