On the relation between X-ray absorption and optical extinction in AGN

Trabajo presentado al XII Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA), celebrado en Bilbao del 18 al 22 de julio de 2016.
According to the Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), an X-ray unabsorbed AGN should appear as unobscured in the optical (Type-1) and viceversa (Type-2). However, there is an important fraction (10-30%) of AGN whose optical and X-ray classifications do not match. To provide insight into the origin of such apparent discrepancies, we have conducted two analyses: 1) a detailed study of the UV-to-near-IR emission of two X-ray unabsorbed Type-2 AGN drawn from the Bright Ultra-Hard XMM-Newton Survey (BUXS); 2) a statistical analysis of the optical obscuration and X-ray absorption properties of 159 Type-1 AGN drawn from BUXS to determine the distribution of dust-to-gas ratios in AGN over a broad range of luminosities and redshifts. In our works we have also determined the impact of contamination from the AGN hosts in the optical classification of AGNs. Our studies are already provided very exciting results such as the detection of objects with extreme dust-to-gas ratios, between 300-10000 times below the Galactic dust-to-gas ratio.
IO-P and FJC acknowledge financial support through grant AYA2015-64346-C2-1-P (MINECO/FEDER). Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The STARLIGHT project is supported by the Brazilian agencies CNPq, CAPES and FAPESP and by the France-Brazil CAPES/Cofecub program.