Deep Learning for HDD Health Assessment: An Application Based on LSTM

Hard disk drive failures are one of the most common causes of service downtime in data centers. Predictive maintenance techniques have been adopted to extend the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of these drives, and minimize service shortage and data loss. Several approaches based on machine and deep learning techniques have been proposed to address these issues, mostly exploiting models based on Self-Monitoring analysis and Reporting Technology (SMART) attributes. While these models have proven to be reliable, their performance is affected by the lack of information about the proximity of disk failure in time. Moreover, many of these techniques are sensitive to the highly unbalanced nature of existing data-sets, in terms of good to failed hard disk ratio. In this paper, we propose a LSTM based model combining SMART attributes and temporal analysis for estimating a hard drive health status according to its time to failure. Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods when evaluated on two data-sets, one containing hourly samples from 23,395 disks and the other reporting daily samples from 29,878 disks. Experimental results showed that our approach is well suited to data-sets with different sampling periods, being able to predict hard drive health status up to 45 days before failure.