Transpsoas cystolitholapaxy in a pediatric patient with myelomeningocele, augmented neobladder, and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy

Recurrent urolithiasis is a common and potentially morbid complication of spina bifida. Although the size, the location, and the composition of these stones often necessitates percutaneous intervention, access is often complicated by body habitus and spinal deformity. There is little consensus regarding the approach to percutaneous lithotripsy when a clear path to the collecting system is unavailable, particularly in the setting of surgically augmented urological anatomy. Here we present the first known case in which a pediatric patient with spina bifida underwent percutaneous lithotripsy of bladder stones via a transpsoas approach. Keywords: Cystolitholopaxy, Transpsoas, Mitrofanoff, Appendicovesicostomy, Stone extraction