Back to Search
Start Over
Immunogenicity of a killed bivalent whole cell oral cholera vaccine in forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0007989 (2020), PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2020.
-
Abstract
- After the large influx of Rohingya nationals (termed Forcibly Displaced Myanmar National; FDMN) from Rakhine State of Myanmar to Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh, it was apparent that outbreaks of cholera was very likely in this setting where people were living under adverse water and sanitation conditions. Large campaigns of oral cholera vaccine (OCV) were carried out as a preemptive measure to control cholera epidemics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immune responses of healthy adults and children after administration of two doses of OCV at 14 days interval in FDMN population and compare with the response observed in Bangladeshi’s vaccinated earlier. A cross-sectional immunogenicity study was conducted among FDMNs of three age cohort; in adults (18+years; n = 83), in older children (6–17 years; n = 63) and in younger children (1–5 years; n = 80). Capillary blood was collected at three time points to measure vibriocidal antibodies using either plasma or dried blood spot (DBS) specimens. There was a significant increase of responder frequency of vibriocidal antibody titer at day 14 in all groups for Vibrio cholerae O1 (Ogawa/Inaba: adults-64%/64%, older children-70%/89% and younger children-51%/75%). There was no overall difference of vibriocidal antibody titer between FDMN and Bangladeshi population at baseline (p = 0.07–0.08) and at day 14, day 28 in all age groups for both serotypes. The seroconversion rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) of either serotype were comparable using both plasma and DBS specimens. These results showed that OCV is capable of inducing robust immune responses in adults and children among the FDMN population which is comparable to that seen in Bangladeshi participants in different age groups or that reported from other cholera endemic countries. Our results also suggest that the displaced population were exposed to V. cholerae prior to seeking shelter in Bangladesh.<br />Author summary Oral cholera vaccines (OCV) are now on the WHO stockpile and targeted for use for countries with outbreaks and epidemics but also for control of endemic cholera. In Bangladesh many studies have been carried out to assess the safety, immunogenicity as well as feasibility of vaccination in the endemic settings of the country. However, with the large recent influx of displaced Rohingya nationals from Myanmar (termed Forcibly Displace Myanmar National; FDMN), mass campaigns with OCV were conducted between October 2017-December 2018. However, no data is available of the previous exposure to cholera of this population, prior to their arrival in Bangladesh. An assessment of immunogenicity status of FDMN is needed to find out if OCV is able to elicit comparable immune response and whether the same dose regimen of OCV was immunogenic among the FDMNs. In this study, we have measured the immune responses to the OCV, Shanchol, in adults (18 years and above), older children (6–17 years), and younger children (1–5 years). The results of this study shows that the oral cholera vaccine capable of inducing an immune response in adults and children among this FDMN population and the responses were comparable to that seen in Bangladeshi participants in earlier studies.
- Subjects :
- Bacterial Diseases
Male
0301 basic medicine
Serotype
Physiology
RC955-962
Antibody Response
Administration, Oral
Myanmar
medicine.disease_cause
Biochemistry
Geographical Locations
0302 clinical medicine
Cholera
Immune Physiology
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Child
Immune Response
Vaccines
Bangladesh
Refugees
education.field_of_study
Immune System Proteins
Immunogenicity
Vibrio cholerae O1
Antibody titer
Middle Aged
Antibodies, Bacterial
Healthy Volunteers
Body Fluids
Blood
Infectious Diseases
Vibrio cholerae
Child, Preschool
Female
Anatomy
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Adult
Blood Bactericidal Activity
Asia
Infectious Disease Control
Adolescent
Immunology
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Serogroup
Antibodies
Blood Plasma
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Humans
Seroconversion
education
Immunization Schedule
business.industry
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Infant
Cholera Vaccines
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
Cross-Sectional Studies
030104 developmental biology
Vaccines, Inactivated
People and Places
Cholera vaccine
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19352735 and 19352727
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....967492b598a122fc863424e2e528a895