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The Biocontrol FungusTrichoderma stromaticumDownregulates Respiratory Burst and Nitric Oxide in Phagocytes and IFN-Gamma and IL-10
- Source :
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 74:943-958
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2011.
-
Abstract
- Trichoderma stromaticum, a biocontrol agent of the cacao witches' broom pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa, has been used in Brazil as part of the integrated pest management of cacao. At the present time, little is known about the effects of T. stromaticum on the modulation of in vitro or in vivo immune responses. The present study examined the interaction of T. stromaticum spores with cellular and molecular components of the immune system following intranasal sensitization of mice. Our results showed that T. stromaticum spores prevented the expression and production of inflammatory mediators in macrophages stimulated with interferon (IFN)-γ plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays revealed that T. stromaticum spores inhibited the expression of dectin-1 and Toll-like-receptor (TLR)2/TLR4. Intranasal injection of BALB/c mice and subsequent challenge with spores of T. stromaticum induced a discrete inflammatory response in the lungs. Interestingly, the spores inhibited local and systemic production of the regulatory IL-10 and proinflammatory IFN-γ cytokines. In addition the spores presented an antiproliferative effect on spleen cells. These findings showed that the biopesticide T. stromaticum may exert immunosuppressive effects in vitro and in vivo.
- Subjects :
- Lipopolysaccharide
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Adaptive Immunity
Nitric Oxide
Toxicology
Moniliophthora perniciosa
Microbiology
Proinflammatory cytokine
Interferon-gamma
Mice
chemistry.chemical_compound
Immune system
In vivo
Animals
Lectins, C-Type
RNA, Messenger
Pest Control, Biological
Lung
Trichoderma
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Phagocytes
biology
fungi
Membrane Proteins
biology.organism_classification
Immunity, Innate
Toll-Like Receptor 2
Interleukin-10
Respiratory burst
Toll-Like Receptor 4
Interleukin 10
Mycoses
chemistry
TLR4
Female
Reactive Oxygen Species
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10872620 and 15287394
- Volume :
- 74
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9551b73069569ea2d38a43ab1043910c