Neurofibromatosis Type I (Von Recklinghausen Disease): A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with an incidence of about 1 in 3000 births. Apart from the typical skin involvement NF1 may affect multiple organs with ocular, neurological, skeletal and cardiovascular manifestations. We present a case of a 38-year-old man with multiple café-au-lait macules and hundreds of neurofibromas disseminated on the trunk and extremities dating from childhood. To establish the diagnosis and to exclude any complications we performed multiple examinations, including skin biopsy, laboratory investigations, ophthalmologic assessment, consultations with a neurologist, internist and orthopedist, etc. The treatment of cutaneous NF1 is mainly symptomatic. Surgical excision aims to achieve cosmetic results. Recently novel and perspective conservative therapies have been investigated. In order to ensure better outcome for the patients with NF1 long-term multi-disciplinary approach is advised.