Early triple therapy vs mono or dual therapy for children with perinatal HIV infection

The time at which antiretroviral therapy (ART) should be initiated in children with perinatal human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV) infection remains controversial. In a cohort study, Berk et al1 reported clinical benefit from mono/dual ART started before 60 days of life in 10 children compared with treatment administered at 61 to 120 days of life in 16 children. The 23 children who received early triple ART were not investigated because none of them progressed to category C diagnosis by 3 years of age. We performed a similar analysis in a cohort study of a larger data set of children with a longer follow-up to evaluate the outcomes of early and very early triple ART.