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Function and regulation of chromatin insulators in dynamic genome organization
- Source :
- Curr Opin Cell Biol
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Chromatin insulators are DNA-protein complexes that play a crucial role in regulating chromatin organization. Within the past two years, a plethora of genome-wide conformation capture studies have helped reveal that insulators are necessary for proper genome-wide organization of topologically associating domains, which are formed in a manner distinct from that of compartments. These studies have also provided novel insights into the mechanics of how CTCF/cohesin-dependent loops form in mammals, strongly supporting the loop extrusion model. In combination with single-cell imaging approaches in both Drosophila and mammals, the dynamics of insulator-mediated chromatin interactions are also coming to light. Insulator-dependent structures vary across individual cells and tissues, highlighting the need to study the regulation of insulators in particular temporal and spatial contexts throughout development.
- Subjects :
- CCCTC-Binding Factor
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
Cell Cycle Proteins
Biology
Nervous System
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Animals
Humans
030304 developmental biology
Insulator Element
Genomic organization
Regulation of gene expression
0303 health sciences
Cohesin
Cell Biology
Chromatin
Repressor Proteins
Gene Expression Regulation
CTCF
Evolutionary biology
Drosophila
Insulator Elements
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Function (biology)
Transcription Factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Curr Opin Cell Biol
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....93d380a21c15dfc9879283c7eea489d7