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Evaluation of Marine Agarose Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications

Authors :
Miguel Alaminos
Agustín Janer
Olimpia Ortiz-Arrabal
Javier Fernández
Antonio Campos
David Sánchez-Porras
María José de Frutos
Emilio Esteban
Fernando Campos
Ainhoa Irastorza-Lorenzo
[Irastorza-Lorenzo,A
Sánchez-Porras,D
Ortiz-Arrabal,O
Campos,A
Campos,F
Alaminos,M] Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain. [de Frutos,MJ
Esteban,E
Fernández,J
Janer,A] Hispanagar, SA, Burgos, Spain.
This research was funded by grant IDI-20180052 (Agarmatriz), leaded by Hispanagar SA, Burgos, Spain, through CDTI, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain, Programa Operativo Plurirregional de Crecimiento Inteligente (CRIN)
award no. AC17/00013 (NanoGSkin project) by ISCIII thorough AES 2017 within the EuroNanoMed framework
grant PE-0395-2019 from Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, Spain
and by the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+i) from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), grants FIS PI17/0391, and PI20/0317 (co-financed by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ERDF-FEDER, European Union).
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Digibug: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Digibug. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada, instname, Volume 22, Issue 4, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 1923, p 1923 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI, 2021.

Abstract

Five agarose types (D1LE, D2LE, LM, MS8 and D5) were evaluated in tissue engineering and compared for the first time using an array of analysis methods. Acellular and cellular constructs were generated from 0.3–3%, and their biomechanical properties, in vivo biocompatibility (as determined by LIVE/DEAD, WST-1 and DNA release, with n = 6 per sample) and in vivo biocompatibility (by hematological and biochemical analyses and histology, with n = 4 animals per agarose type) were analyzed. Results revealed that the biomechanical properties of each hydrogel were related to the agarose concentration (p < 0.001). Regarding the agarose type, the highest (p < 0.001) Young modulus, stress at fracture and break load were D1LE, D2LE and D5, whereas the strain at fracture was higher in D5 and MS8 at 3% (p < 0.05). All agaroses showed high biocompatibility on human skin cells, especially in indirect contact, with a correlation with agarose concentration (p = 0.0074 for LIVE/DEAD and p = 0.0014 for WST-1) and type, although cell function tended to decrease in direct contact with highly concentrated agaroses. All agaroses were safe in vivo, with no systemic effects as determined by hematological and biochemical analysis and histology of major organs. Locally, implants were partially encapsulated and a pro-regenerative response with abundant M2- type macrophages was found. In summary, we may state that all these agarose types can be safely used in tissue engineering and that the biomechanical properties and biocompatibility were strongly associated to the agarose concentration in the hydrogel and partially associated to the agarose type. These results open the door to the generation of specific agarose-based hydrogels for definite clinical applications such as the human skin, cornea or oral mucosa.<br />Hispanagar SA, Burgos, Spain, through CDTI, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain, Programa Operativo Plurirregional de Crecimiento Inteligente (CRIN) IDI-20180052<br />ISCIII thorough AES AC17/00013<br />Junta de Andalucía PE-0395-2019<br />Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+i) from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) FIS PI17/0391<br />Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional ERDF-FEDER, European Union PI20/0317

Subjects

Subjects :
Análisis de materiales
Human skin
Biocompatible Materials
02 engineering and technology
Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Sepharose [Medical Subject Headings]
Biomechanical properties
lcsh:Chemistry
Agaroseagarose
chemistry.chemical_compound
Tissue engineering
Materiales biocompatibles
Agarose
Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]
Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats, Wistar [Medical Subject Headings]
Oral mucosa
Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Mechanical Phenomena::Elasticity::Elastic Modulus [Medical Subject Headings]
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Culture Techniques::Cell Engineering::Tissue Engineering [Medical Subject Headings]
Spectroscopy
Cells, Cultured
Skin
Tissue Scaffolds
Sefarosa
Anatomy::Cells::Connective Tissue Cells::Fibroblasts [Medical Subject Headings]
Chemistry
Sepharose
Hydrogels
General Medicine
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Healthy Volunteers
Computer Science Applications
Biomechanical Phenomena
Anatomy::Integumentary System::Skin [Medical Subject Headings]
medicine.anatomical_structure
tissue engineering
Self-healing hydrogels
Biocompatibility
0210 nano-technology
agarose
biomaterials
Chemicals and Drugs::Biomedical and Dental Materials::Biocompatible Materials [Medical Subject Headings]
Cell Survival
0206 medical engineering
Ingeniería tisular
Catalysis
Article
Inorganic Chemistry
Biomaterials
biocompatibility
In vivo
Elastic Modulus
Fenómenos biomecánicos
Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Survival [Medical Subject Headings]
Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Follow-Up Studies [Medical Subject Headings]
Persons::Persons::Volunteers::Healthy Volunteers [Medical Subject Headings]
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Rats, Wistar
Chemicals and Drugs::Complex Mixtures::Colloids::Gels::Hydrogels [Medical Subject Headings]
Molecular Biology
biomechanical properties
Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Equipment and Supplies::Prostheses and Implants::Tissue Scaffolds [Medical Subject Headings]
Organic Chemistry
Histology
Fibroblasts
Seaweed
020601 biomedical engineering
Rats
Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Anatomy::Cells::Cells, Cultured [Medical Subject Headings]
Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Biophysical Phenomena::Biomechanical Phenomena [Medical Subject Headings]
Organisms::Organism Forms::Aquatic Organisms::Seaweed [Medical Subject Headings]
Biomedical engineering
Follow-Up Studies

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14220067
Volume :
22
Issue :
4
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....9387e02d98f7cb0f73da1b3ee523c6ee