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The Increased Densities, But Different Distributions, of Both C3 and S100A10 Immunopositive Astrocyte-Like Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease Brains Suggest Possible Roles for Both A1 and A2 Astrocytes in the Disease Pathogenesis
- Source :
- Brain Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 503, p 503 (2020), Brain Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 8
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- There is increasing evidence of astrocyte dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer&rsquo<br />s disease (AD). Animal studies supported by human post-mortem work have demonstrated two main astrocyte types: the C3 immunopositive neurotoxic A1 astrocytes and the S100A10 immunopositive neuroprotective A2 astrocytes. A1 astrocytes predominate in AD, but the number of cases has been relatively small. We examined post-mortem brains from a larger cohort of AD cases and controls employing C3 and S100 immunohistochemistry to identify the astrocytic subtypes. There were a number of C3 immunopositive astrocyte-like cells (ASLCs) in the control cases, especially in the lower cerebral cortex and white matter. In AD this cell density appeared to be increased in the upper cerebral cortex but was similar to controls in other regions. The S100A10 showed minimal immunopositivity in the control cases in the cortex and white matter, but there was increased ASLC density in upper/lower cortex and white matter in AD compared to controls. In AD and control cases the numbers of C3 immunopositive ASLCs were greater than those for S100A10 ASLCs in all areas studied. It would appear that the relationship between A1 and A2 astrocytes and their possible role in the pathogenesis of AD is complex and requires more research.
- Subjects :
- Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Neuroprotection
Article
lcsh:RC321-571
White matter
Pathogenesis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cortex (anatomy)
medicine
C3
A1
lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
A2
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
biology
General Neuroscience
Neurodegeneration
neurodegeneration
astrocytes
S100A10
glial
medicine.disease
medicine.anatomical_structure
Cerebral cortex
immunohistochemistry
biology.protein
Alzheimer’s
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
dementia
Astrocyte
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20763425
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....92e99d1485dd0d1bb6a7e3577ef4f528