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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Three Triterpene from Hippophae rhamnoides L. in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 22, Issue 21, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12009, p 12009 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Oleanolic acid (OA), asiatic acid (AA), and maslinic acid (MA) are ubiquitous isomeric triterpene phytochemicals with many pharmacological effects. To improve their application value, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce RAW264.7 cells and studied the differences in the anti-inflammatory effects of the triterpenes according to their structural differences. MTT, Griess, and immunofluorescence assays, ELISA, flow cytometry, and Western blotting, were performed. The release of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and interleukin (IL-6), was significantly inhibited by OA, AA, and MA at the same concentration, and AA and MA promoted the production of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. OA, AA, and MA inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation in RAW264.7 cells. OA and AA inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P38, and JNK1/2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, OA increased LPS-induced Nrf2 expression and decreased Keap1 expression in RAW264.7 cells. OA, AA, and MA inhibited LPS-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and alleviated mitochondrial membrane potential depletion. Overall, our data suggested that OA, AA, and MA exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. In particular, OA and AA take effects through the MAPKs, NF-κB, and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
- Subjects :
- Lipopolysaccharides
Lipopolysaccharide
QH301-705.5
MAP Kinase Signaling System
NF-E2-Related Factor 2
medicine.drug_class
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Catalysis
Anti-inflammatory
Article
NF-κB
Cell Line
Nitric oxide
Inorganic Chemistry
Mice
chemistry.chemical_compound
oleanolic acid
Maslinic acid
Hippophae
medicine
Animals
Biology (General)
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
QD1-999
Molecular Biology
Oleanolic acid
Spectroscopy
asiatic acid
biology
Macrophages
Organic Chemistry
NF-kappa B
Interleukin
General Medicine
Molecular biology
Triterpenes
In vitro
Computer Science Applications
Nitric oxide synthase
Chemistry
RAW264.7 cell
chemistry
inflammation
biology.protein
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
maslinic acid
Inflammation Mediators
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9104c16738a21af5e54e2d5a8fa8b741