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The use of sentinel skin islands for monitoring buried and semi-buried micro-vascular flaps. Part II: Clinical application
- Source :
- Biomedical Papers, Vol 165, Iss 2, Pp 131-138 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Despite the high success rate of micro-vascular flaps, anastomosis compromise occurs in 5-10% and that can lead to flap failure. Reliable monitoring of the flap is therefore of similar importance to that of the precise surgical procedure itself. Multiple methods have been reported for monitoring of the flap vitality, the first one being direct visual monitoring. In buried flaps direct visualisation is not feasible or is unreliable. In these cases we can extend the buried flap to expose a segment of it to act as a monitoring sentinel. For the purpose of this review we used our clinical experience as a starting point, and for the extended information and expertise we conducted a search of the PubMed database. Over 40 monitoring techniques have been reported to-date. Direct visual monitoring is still generally used method with a reliability of up to 100% and an overall success rate of up to 99%. Direct visualisation remains as the simplest, cheapest and yet a very reliable method of flap monitoring. In this review we provide a description of various possible techniques for externalising part of a buried flap, define the tissues that can be used for this purpose and we summarise the procedures that should be followed to achieve the best reliability and validity of monitoring the skin island.
- Subjects :
- Free flap
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Multiple methods
sentinel skin paddle
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Surgical Flaps
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Postoperative Complications
Medicine
Humans
Reliability (statistics)
free flap
Skin
sentinel skin island
business.industry
monitoring skin island
Flap failure
Reproducibility of Results
eye diseases
Reliability engineering
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
buried flap
business
monitoring skin paddle
Visual monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18047521
- Volume :
- 165
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....90ae7c577402d9585823ddcd08014c46