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Goldfish exposure to cobalt enhances hemoglobin level and triggers tissue-specific elevation of antioxidant defenses in gills, heart and spleen
- Source :
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology. 155:325-332
- Publication Year :
- 2012
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2012.
-
Abstract
- Cobalt ions can enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may be the reason for cobalt toxicity. This study aimed to determine whether Co(2+) toxicity in goldfish is related to induced oxidative stress in gills, heart and spleen, and to assess responses of antioxidant systems. Exposure of goldfish to 50, 100 and 150 mg L(-1) of Co(2+) for 96 h elevated total hemoglobin in blood by 23, 44 and 78%, respectively. In gills, cobalt exposure enhanced lipid peroxide levels and activities of primary antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) rose by 125% and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) increased by 53-296%. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity also increased by 117-157% and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) enhanced by 46-96%. Heart showed limited effects of fish exposure to 50 or 100 mg L(-1) of Co(2+), but the exposure to 150 mg L(-1) of Co(2+) elevated concentrations of lipid peroxides by 123% and activities of GPx by 98% and SOD by 208%. The most substantial effects of goldfish exposure to Co(2+) were observed in spleen: a decrease in total protein concentration by 44-60% and high molecular mass thiols by 59-82%, reduced activities of catalase by 24-58% and GR by 25-68%, whereas the level of low molecular mass thiols increased by 153-279% and activities of GPx, GST, G6PDH were enhanced by 114-120%, 192-769%, and 256-581%, respectively. The data show that fish exposure to 50-150 mg L(-1) of Co(2+) elevates blood hemoglobin level, mimicking effects of hypoxia, and causes the activation of defense systems against ROS.
- Subjects :
- Gills
Antioxidant
Physiology
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
medicine.medical_treatment
010501 environmental sciences
Toxicology
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Antioxidants
Hemoglobins
chemistry.chemical_classification
0303 health sciences
biology
Lipid peroxide
Glutathione peroxidase
Cobalt
General Medicine
Catalase
Dose–response relationship
Glutathione Reductase
Fish Proteins
Lipid Peroxides
medicine.medical_specialty
Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase
Superoxide dismutase
03 medical and health sciences
Goldfish
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
030304 developmental biology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Glutathione Peroxidase
Reactive oxygen species
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Superoxide Dismutase
Myocardium
Cell Biology
Trace Elements
Oxidative Stress
Endocrinology
chemistry
biology.protein
Lipid Peroxidation
Spleen
Oxidative stress
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15320456
- Volume :
- 155
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8d7b9ccd3e7d47d07b775047cb6fa616