Opsiphanes quiteria

Opsiphanes quiteria (Stoll, 1780) (Figs 134–161) Diagnosis. The male of Opsiphanes quiteria has the DFW with an oblique whitish, yellow, or orange band, at least twice the width of the DFW oblique band of Opsiphanes badius stat. rest., a closely related species, this band also has a regular distal margin, and the CuA 2 -2A portion is usually wider in Opsiphanes quiteria than in Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest., another closely related species (Fig. 134a). The female of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis is similar to females of Opsiphanes badius stat. rest. and Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. in having the DFW with an oblique whitish band, but differs from them in having the DHW without a rusty red color in the postdiscal region, between M 2 and CuA 2 (Fig. 145a). Females of Opsiphanes quiteria quiteria and Opsiphanes quiteria meridionalis have the DFW with an oblique yellow band (Fig. 138a), distinguishing them from females of Opsiphanes badius stat. rest. and Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. Molecular analyses recovered Opsiphanes quiteria as closely related to Opsiphanes badius stat. rest. and Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. (Fig. 2) (genetic distance 1.9–2.5% and 1.4–2.1%, respectively). Male genitalia. Tegumen in dorsal view with anterior margin with a small concavity in the median region and anterior margin wider than the posterior margin; anterior projection of saccus in lateral view almost twice as long as dorsal arms of saccus (Fig. 146). Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis membranous medially and sclerotized laterally; lamella postvaginalis as a W-shaped plate; ostium membranous (Fig. 147). Variation. Subspecies vary in the following characters: DHW, with or without a yellow spot of variable length near the distal margin of the humeral cell. VFW, EIII submarginal line exceeds or not CuA 1. VHW, the size of the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1, and the width of its dark-brown ring; size and shape of the eyespot between M 3 and CuA 2; the postdiscal region with or without small light-brown spots between M 1 and CuA 1; and the zigzag EIII submarginal line not always evident (Figs 134–145). Comments. Opsiphanes quiteria is sympatric with Opsiphanes invirae and differs in having the HW with a crenulated outer margin; DHW, near the distal margin of the humeral cell, usually with a yellow spot of variable length, and VHW with a marbled pattern.
Published as part of Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, pp. 1-278 in Zootaxa 5216 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5216.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7403532