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Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Lactic Acid in Human Cervicovaginal Fluid
- Source :
- mSphere, mSphere, Vol 3, Iss 4 (2018), mSphere, Vol 3, Iss 4, p e00055-18 (2018)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2018.
-
Abstract
- The Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota is associated with a reduced risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Lactic acid is a major organic acid metabolite produced by lactobacilli that acidifies the vagina and has been reported to have inhibitory activity in vitro against bacterial, protozoan, and viral STIs, including HIV infections. However, the anti-HIV properties of lactic acid in native vaginal lumen fluids of women colonized with Lactobacillus spp. have not yet been established. Our study, using native cervicovaginal fluid from women, found that potent and irreversible anti-HIV-1 activity is significantly associated with the concentration of the protonated (acidic, uncharged) form of lactic acid. This work advances our understanding of the mechanisms by which vaginal microbiota modulate HIV susceptibility and could lead to novel strategies to prevent women from acquiring HIV or transmitting the virus during vaginal intercourse and vaginal birth.<br />Women of reproductive age with a Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota have a reduced risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV and a vaginal pH of ~4 due to the presence of ~1% (wt/vol) lactic acid. While lactic acid has potent HIV virucidal activity in vitro, whether lactic acid present in the vaginal lumen inactivates HIV has not been investigated. Here we evaluated the anti-HIV-1 activity of native, minimally diluted cervicovaginal fluid obtained from women of reproductive age (n = 20) with vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus spp. Inhibition of HIVBa-L was significantly associated with the protonated form of lactic acid in cervicovaginal fluid. The HIVBa-L inhibitory activity observed in the
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Adult
Metabolite
030106 microbiology
metabolite
lcsh:QR1-502
Microbiology
Virus
lcsh:Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Young Adult
Lactobacillus
medicine
microbiota
Humans
Lactic Acid
Molecular Biology
chemistry.chemical_classification
Microbial Viability
biology
human immunodeficiency virus
Chemistry
virus diseases
Therapeutics and Prevention
biology.organism_classification
In vitro
QR1-502
3. Good health
Lactic acid
Body Fluids
HIV transmission
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
vagina
Vagina
HIV-1
Female
Ex vivo
Organic acid
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23795042
- Volume :
- 3
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- mSphere
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8c7ce5df70997536c6089af392ef0256