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Effectiveness of ozonation with zirconium and tin tetrachloride for stabilized anaerobic landfill leachate treatment
- Source :
- Water Environment Research. 94
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Landfill leachate can threaten the environment and human life. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficiency of ozone (O3 ), O3 with zirconium tetrachloride (O3 /ZrCl4 ) and O3 with tin tetrachloride (O3 /SnCl4 ) in remediating the stabilised anaerobic landfill leachate (SAL) from Alor Pongsu, Perak. Hydroxyl radical (OH•) is an important oxidising agent in the ozonation process. Its presence was tested using tert-Butyl alcohol. Results showed that using ZrCl4 and SnCl4 in ozonation boosted the generation of hydroxyl radical, thereby enhancing the oxidation process and pollutant removal inside the sample. The O3 /ZrCl4 mix at chemical oxygen demand (COD) to ZrCl4 ratio of 1:1.5, pH 8-9 and 90 min reaction time resulted in the highest reduction rates of COD and colour at 91.9% and 99.6%, respectively. All results demonstrated that the optimum performance occurred at alkaline conditions (pH > 8), proving that OH radicals primarily oxidised the pollutants through an indirect reaction pathway. The biodegradability (biochemical oxygen demand/COD) ratio was also considerably improved from 0.02 (raw) to 0.37 using O3 /ZrCl4 , compared with using O3 alone and using O3 /SnCl4, which only recorded 0.23 and 0.28, respectively, after the treatment. The study demonstrated that O3 /ZrCl4 was the most efficient combination.
- Subjects :
- Biochemical oxygen demand
Ozone
Chemistry
Ecological Modeling
Radical
Chemical oxygen demand
Tin Compounds
Biodegradation
Pollution
chemistry.chemical_compound
Tetrachloride
Humans
Environmental Chemistry
Hydroxyl radical
Anaerobiosis
Zirconium
Leachate
Oxidation-Reduction
Waste Management and Disposal
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Water Science and Technology
Nuclear chemistry
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15547531 and 10614303
- Volume :
- 94
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Water Environment Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8bd34368ce2db72a9793015b51371df7
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.1672