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Alfa fibers as viable sustainable source for cellulose nanocrystals extraction: Application for improving the tensile properties of biopolymer nanocomposite films
- Source :
- Industrial Crops and Products, Industrial Crops and Products, Elsevier, 2018, 112, pp.499-510. ⟨10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.12.049⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Due to its renewability, availability and high cellulose content (≈45%), Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) have been identified as a sustainable source for cellulose microfibers (CMF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production. Subjecting raw Alfa fibers to alkali, bleaching and sulfuric acid hydrolysis treatments allowed producing CMF and CNC with high yields. The fluorescence microscopy confirmed that CMF, with average diameter of 10 μm, were successfully obtained after bleaching treatments. TEM and AFM showed that the CNC exhibit needle-like shape with an average diameter and length of 5 ± 3 nm and 330 ± 30 nm, respectively, giving rise to an aspect ratio of about 66. XPS measurement confirmed the presence of sulfate groups on the surface of CNC with 2.04 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units, confirming the negatively charged surface of CNC, with zeta potential value of − 47.39 mV. XRD studies showed that CMF and CNC exhibit cellulose I structure with crystallinity index of 71% and 90%, respectively. FTIR and TGA analyses were used to identify the chemical composition and thermal stability changes during different chemical treatments, suggesting that all non-cellulosic compounds were removed after alkali and bleaching treatments. The obtained CNC were dispersed into three different biopolymer matrices, e.g. chitosan, alginate, and k-carrageenan, at various CNC loadings (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%), to evaluate their ability to enhance the tensile properties of biopolymers and, at the same time, to produce new biopolymer-based nanocomposite films. It was found that the tensile properties of the as-produced nanocomposite films were largely improved with addition of CNC, resulting in mechanically strong and flexible ecofriendly nanocomposite films.
- Subjects :
- microscope à fluorescence
Materials science
Tensile properties
composition chimique
chemical treatment
02 engineering and technology
engineering.material
010402 general chemistry
01 natural sciences
alfa
chemistry.chemical_compound
Crystallinity
biopolymer
[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering
Ultimate tensile strength
Zeta potential
Thermal stability
résistance à la traction
Cellulose
Biopolymer nanocomposites
Nanocomposite
Cellulose nanocrystals
Sulfuric acid
bleaching
esparto grass
Lignocellulosic fibers
blanchiment
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
stipa tenacissima
0104 chemical sciences
fibre lignocellulosique
chemistry
Chemical engineering
chemical analysis
biopolymère
engineering
Biopolymer
0210 nano-technology
Agronomy and Crop Science
traitement chimique
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09266690
- Volume :
- 112
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Industrial Crops and Products
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8bc141fe81e89b57ffc4eb82a2aac9b0