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Neurological Monitoring and Complications of Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support
- Source :
- Pediatr Neurol
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is extracorporeal life support for life-threatening cardiopulmonary failure. Since its introduction, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has expanded to patients with more complex comorbidities without change in patient mortality rates. Although many patients survive, significant neurological complications like seizures, ischemic strokes, and intracranial hemorrhage can occur during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation care. The risks of these complications often add to the complexity of decision-making surrounding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and incidence of neurological complications in children supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, factors influencing the incidence of these complications, commonly used neurological monitoring modalities, and outcomes for this complex patient population. We discuss the current literature on the use of electroencephalography for both seizure detection and monitoring of background electroencephalographic changes, in addition to the use of less commonly used imaging modalities like transcranial Doppler. We summarize the knowledge gaps and the lack of clinical consensus guidelines for managing these potentially life-changing neurological complications. Finally, we discuss future work to further understand the pathophysiology of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-related neurological complications.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment
Neuroimaging
Article
Extracorporeal
03 medical and health sciences
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
0302 clinical medicine
Developmental Neuroscience
Seizures
030225 pediatrics
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
medicine
Humans
In patient
Child
Intensive care medicine
Stroke
Modalities
business.industry
Mortality rate
Infant
Electroencephalography
medicine.disease
Neurophysiological Monitoring
Transcranial Doppler
surgical procedures, operative
Neurology
Life support
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Neurology (clinical)
business
Intracranial Hemorrhages
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08878994
- Volume :
- 108
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Pediatric Neurology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8b5abfb002cc257a04a945be5c84e0c5