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Oral Subacute Exposure to Cadmium LOAEL Dose Induces Insulin Resistance and Impairment of the Hormonal and Metabolic Liver-Adipose Axis in Wistar Rats
- Source :
- Biological trace element researchReferences. 200(10)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Cadmium is a nonessential transition metal considered one of the more hazardous environmental contaminants. The population is chronically exposed to this metal at low concentrations, designated as the LOAEL (lowest observable adverse effect level) dose. We aimed to investigate whether oral subacute exposure to cadmium LOAEL disrupts hormonal and metabolic effects of the liver-adipose axis in Wistar rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were separated into two groups: control (standard normocalorie diet + water free of cadmium) and cadmium (standard normocalorie diet + drinking water with 32.5 ppm CdCl2). After 1 month, zoometry, a serum lipid panel, adipokines, and proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Tests of glucose and insulin tolerance (ITT) and insulin resistance were performed. Histological studies on structure, triglyceride distribution, and protein expression of the insulin pathway were performed in the liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissue. In both tissues, the cadmium, triglyceride, glycogen, and proinflammatory cytokine contents were also quantified. The cadmium group developed dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, inflammation, and selective insulin resistance in the liver and adipose tissue. In the liver, glycogen synthesis was diminished, while de novo lipogenesis increased, which was associated with low GSK3β-pS9 and strong expression of SREBP-1c. Dysfunctional adipose tissue was observed with hypertrophy and lipolysis, without changes in SREBP-1c expression and low glycogen synthesis. Both tissues accumulated cadmium and developed inflammation. In conclusion, oral subacute cadmium LOAEL dose exposure induces inflammation, insulin signaling modifications, an early insulin resistance stage (insensibility), and impairment of the hormonal and metabolic liver-adipose axis in Wistar rats.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Adipose tissue
Biochemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Insulin resistance
Internal medicine
medicine
Hyperinsulinemia
Lipolysis
Animals
Insulin
Rats, Wistar
Glycogen synthase
Triglycerides
Inflammation
biology
Glycogen
business.industry
Biochemistry (medical)
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Rats
Insulin receptor
Endocrinology
chemistry
Adipose Tissue
Liver
Lipogenesis
biology.protein
Insulin Resistance
business
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
Cadmium
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15590720
- Volume :
- 200
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biological trace element researchReferences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8b1c5e979227d2f6d4a730ebe3341c13