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Milk Fat Depression and Trans-11 to Trans-10 C18:1 Shift in Milk of Two Cattle Farming Systems
- Source :
- Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 977, p 977 (2022), Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 977
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Milk fat depression (MFD) syndrome, a consistent decrease in milk fat content, is related to important changes in fatty acid composition due to feed imbalances and the consequent ruminal metabolism alteration. Milk produced in two different farming systems was compared: Holstein Friesian fed with unified in intensive production and Podolica raised on a pasture in an extensive system. Milk chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition were determined comparing milk with a normal fat level (>3.8%) to milk with a low fat level (trans-11 and increase in trans-10 C18:1 (shift from trans-11 to trans-10 C18:1) in low fat with respect to normal fat milk with a consequent decrease in the trans-11/trans-10 C18:1 ratio. Even conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), C18:2 cis-9, trans-11, was lower while CLA trans-10, cis-12 was higher in low fat milk than in normal fat milk from Holstein Friesian. These changes, that are indicators of MFD syndrome, were not found in Podolica milk between fat levels. Holstein Friesian milk showed less short-chain fatty acids (9.48 % vs. 11.05%, p < 0.001), trans vaccenic acid (C18:1 trans-11, 0.51% vs. 3.39%, p < 0.001), rumenic acid (CLA C18:2 cis-9, trans-11, 0.32% vs. 1.45%, p < 0.001) and total CLA (0.53% vs. 1.91%, p < 0.001) contents than Podolica milk. Further losses of these human healthy nutrients in low fat Friesian milk reduced the nutritional quality of the milk, while the milk from animals raised on the pasture was of better quality even when the level of fat was low.
- Subjects :
- Environmental effects of industries and plants
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Geography, Planning and Development
food and beverages
TJ807-830
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
TD194-195
milk low fat disease
fatty acids
conjugated linoleic acid
Renewable energy sources
Environmental sciences
fluids and secretions
extensive milk production
GE1-350
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20711050
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 977
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Sustainability
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8aa50a1ca17331b82301ab97d24b45ba