Resolving the Negative Data Publication Dilemma in Translational Stroke Research

The development of new treatments for stroke remains a formidable challenge as emphasized in the article by Frank Sharp and colleagues [1]. However, with the recent advances in genomic and proteomic profiling [2–4], in vitro screening methodologies [5–7], predictive animal models [8–12], and a greater understanding of the complexity of processes and mechanisms involved in cellular degeneration and behavioral deficits following a stroke [13,14], we now have the basic tools in our repertoire to develop and systematically test new candidates in a preclinical translational setting. Moreover, with more sophisticated adaptive clinical trial design [15–18], therapy can be targeted to specific stroke patient populations to ensure some extent of efficacy, rather than complete failure. If the best that we can expect to achieve is to treat some patients, then we should accept that fact!