Fatal Meningoencephalomyelitis due to the Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus: The First Detailed Neurological Observation in a Japanese Patient from the Central Part of Hokkaido Island

To date, the only instance of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Japan was reported from the southern part of Hokkaido Island in 1993; no other cases have been reported since then. We herein report the first case of TBE reported in the central part of Hokkaido Island, and describe the fatal clinical course of a patient who presented with meningoencephalomyelitis, which partly involved the nerve root. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the patient's cranium and spine revealed characteristic central nervous system involvement. Our case report is extremely relevant to efforts to protect public health and for precautions against TBE pandemics.