Inflammatory Mediators Release in Urine from Mice Injected with Crotalus durissus terrificus Venom

In this study, we investigated in groups of female BALB/c mice injected withCrotalus durissus terrificusvenom (Cdt) the renal function based on creatinine clearance, percentage of fractional excretion cytokines and histological examination of renal tissue.Cdtcaused renal alterations that induced proteinuria during the initial hours post-venom and reduced creatinine clearance 15 min. up to 2 hours post-venom administration. In urine from mice injected withCdtinduced a decrease in IL-4 levels. More pronounced increments of IL-5, IL-6 and IFN-γwere observed after 15 and 30 min, respectively. The highest levels of TNF and IL-10 were observed at 1 and 4 hs, respectively. The ratios of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in animals injected withCdt, which may be manifested in the inflammatory status during the envenoming. In groups of animals treated withCdtwere observed a decreasing in creatinine clearance and its effect on glomerular filtration rate was accompanied by decreased fractional excretion of cytokines and morphologic disturbances. This loss of change selectively in envenomation could thus explain why the relatively excretion of cytokines is reduced while of total proteins increases. In conclusion the fractional excretion of cytokines is significantly reduced in mice injected withCdt, despite proteinuria.