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Prolactin: A hormone with diverse functions from mammary gland development to cancer metastasis
- Source :
- Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology. 114:159-170
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Prolactin has a rich mechanistic set of actions and signaling in order to elicit developmental effects in mammals. Historically, prolactin has been appreciated as an endocrine peptide hormone that is responsible for final, functional mammary gland development and lactation. Multiple signaling pathways impacted upon by the microenvironment contribute to cell function and differentiation. Endocrine, autocrine and paracrine signaling are now apparent in not only mammary development, but also in cancer, and involve multiple cell types including those of the immune system. Multiple ligands agonists are capable of binding to the prolactin receptor, potentially expanding receptor function. Prolactin has an important role not only in tumorigenesis of the breast, but also in a number of hormonally responsive cancers such as prostate, ovarian and endometrial cancer, as well as pancreatic and lung cancer. Although pituitary and extra-pituitary sources of prolactin such as the epithelium are important, stromal sourced prolactin is now also being recognized as an important factor in tumor progression, all of which potentially signal to multiple cell types in the tumor microenvironment. While prolactin has important roles in milk production including calcium and bone homeostasis, in the disease state it can also affect bone homeostasis. Prolactin also impacts metastatic cancer of the breast to modulate the bone microenvironment and promote bone damage. Prolactin has a fascinating contribution in both physiologic and pathologic settings of mammals.
- Subjects :
- endocrine system
Mammary gland
Biology
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
Paracrine signalling
Mammary Glands, Animal
0302 clinical medicine
Neoplasms
medicine
Animals
Humans
Neoplasm Metastasis
Mammary Glands, Human
Autocrine signalling
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Tumor microenvironment
Prolactin receptor
Cancer
Bone metastasis
Cell Biology
medicine.disease
Prolactin
Disease Models, Animal
medicine.anatomical_structure
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Cancer research
Female
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10849521
- Volume :
- 114
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8915766736a90e56a18c4fad2ba54572