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The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
- Source :
- Gut Microbes, Vol 13, Iss 1 (2021), Gut Microbes, article-version (VoR) Version of Record
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Microbiology (medical)
Cirrhosis
Microbiological culture
rectal swab
RC799-869
Gut flora
Carbohydrate metabolism
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
Bacterial Adhesion
Young Adult
Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic
medicine
Humans
Microbiome
Intestinal Mucosa
Escherichia coli
Feces
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bacteria
gut microbiota
biology
Rectum
Gastroenterology
Middle Aged
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Enterobacteriaceae
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Cross-Sectional Studies
Infectious Diseases
alcohol-related cirrhosis
Female
mucosal microbiome
Research Article
Research Paper
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19490984 and 19490976
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Gut Microbes
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....88b2274db577cd7744cedfe90a5ff1bf