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The TLR9 Ligand CpG Promotes the Acquisition of Plasmodium falciparum-Specific Memory B Cells in Malaria-Naive Individuals
- Source :
- The Journal of Immunology. 182:3318-3326
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- The American Association of Immunologists, 2009.
-
Abstract
- Despite the central role of memory B cells (MBC) in protective immune responses, little is understood about how they are acquired in naive individuals in response to Ag exposure, and how this process is influenced by concurrent activation of the innate immune system’s TLR. In this longitudinal study of malaria-naive individuals, we examined the MBC response to two candidate malaria vaccines administered with or without CpG, a TLR9 ligand. We show that the acquisition of MBC is a dynamic process in which the vaccine-specific MBC pool rapidly expands and then contracts, and that CpG enhances the kinetics, magnitude, and longevity of this response. We observed that the percentage of vaccine-specific MBC present at the time of reimmunization predicts vaccine-specific Ab levels 14 days later; and that at steady-state, there is a positive correlation between vaccine-specific MBC and Ab levels. An examination of the total circulating MBC and plasma cell pools also suggests that MBC differentiate into plasma cells through polyclonal activation, independent of Ag specificity. These results provide important insights into the human MBC response, which can inform the development of vaccines against malaria and other pathogens that disrupt immunological memory.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Plasmodium falciparum
Immunology
B-Lymphocyte Subsets
Immunization, Secondary
Aluminum Hydroxide
Plasma cell
Ligands
Article
Immune system
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Antigen
Malaria Vaccines
polycyclic compounds
medicine
Animals
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
skin and connective tissue diseases
neoplasms
Cells, Cultured
Innate immune system
Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
biology
TLR9
bacterial infections and mycoses
biology.organism_classification
Malaria
medicine.anatomical_structure
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
CpG site
Toll-Like Receptor 9
biology.protein
Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte
bacteria
CpG Islands
Antibody
Immunologic Memory
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15506606 and 00221767
- Volume :
- 182
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....88acc5dd5d112a39af0fc1427a63c8ea