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Response of human tongue protrudor and retractors to hypoxia and hypercapnia
- Source :
- American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 160(6)
- Publication Year :
- 1999
-
Abstract
- It is well established that the genioglossus muscle (tongue protrudor) has a role in protecting or enhancing upper airway patency in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea. However, no investigation completed to date has addressed the role of the styloglossus and hyoglossus muscles (tongue retractors) in maintaining upper airway patency in humans. As a first step toward this goal, the present investigation was designed to examine the response of human tongue protrudor and retractor muscles during a breathhold maneuver and in steady-state hypoxic hypercapnia. The results showed that the protrudor and retractor muscles were coactivated under both conditions. Measurements of onset time of electromyographic activity during steady-state hypoxic hypercapnia revealed that phasic protrudor and retractor activity was initiated immediately before or during the early part of inspiration. We conclude that the tongue protrudor and retractor muscles are coactivated in response to hypoxia and hypercapnia, and that the tongue retractors may have a significant role in protecting upper airway patency during both apnea and hyperpnea.
- Subjects :
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Adult
Male
Hyperpnea
Electromyography
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Hypercapnia
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Tongue
Medicine
Humans
Hypoxia
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Muscles
Apnea
Anatomy
medicine.disease
Hyoglossus
respiratory tract diseases
Retractor
medicine.anatomical_structure
Anesthesia
Styloglossus
Female
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1073449X
- Volume :
- 160
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8857bd4ca165feec8d793b3099769616