The efficacy of weekly and bi-weekly heat training to maintain the physiological benefits of heat acclimation

Objectives To examine the efficacy of weekly and bi-weekly heat training to maintain heat acclimatization (HAz) and heat acclimation (HA) for 8 weeks in aerobically trained athletes. Design Randomized, between-group. Methods Twenty-four males (mean [m ± standard deviation [sd]; (age, 34 ± 12 y; body mass, 72.6 ± 8.8 kg, VO2peak, 57.7 ± 6.8 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed five trials (baseline, following HAz, following HA (HAz + HA), four weeks into heat training [HTWK4], and eight weeks into HT [HTWK8] that involved 60 min of steady-state exercise (59.1 ± 1.8% vVO2peak) in an environmental laboratory (wet bulb globe temperature [WBGT], 29.6 ± 1.4 °C) on a motorized treadmill. Throughout exercise, heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (Trec) were recorded. Following HAz + HA, participants were assigned to three groups: control group (HT0), once per week heat training (HT1), and twice per week heat training (HT2). HT involved heated exercise (WBGT, 33.3 ± 1.3 °C) to achieve hyperthermia (38.5-39.75 °C) for 60 min. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to determine differences. Results HAz + HA resulted in significant improvements in HR (p Conclusions Bi-weekly HT provided clear evidence for the ability to maintain physiological adaptions for 8 weeks following HA.