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Evolutionarily Conserved TCR Binding Sites, Identification of T Cells in Primary Lymphoid Tissues, and Surprising Trans-Rearrangements in Nurse Shark
- Source :
- The Journal of Immunology. 184:6950-6960
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- The American Association of Immunologists, 2010.
-
Abstract
- Cartilaginous fish are the oldest animals that generate RAG-based Ag receptor diversity. We have analyzed the genes and expressed transcripts of the four TCR chains for the first time in a cartilaginous fish, the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum). Northern blotting found TCR mRNA expression predominantly in lymphoid and mucosal tissues. Southern blotting suggested translocon-type loci encoding all four chains. Based on diversity of V and J segments, the expressed combinatorial diversity for gamma is similar to that of human, alpha and beta may be slightly lower, and delta diversity is the highest of any organism studied to date. Nurse shark TCRdelta have long CDR3 loops compared with the other three chains, creating binding site topologies comparable to those of mammalian TCR in basic paratope structure; additionally, nurse shark TCRdelta CDR3 are more similar to IgH CDR3 in length and heterogeneity than to other TCR chains. Most interestingly, several cDNAs were isolated that contained IgM or IgW V segments rearranged to other gene segments of TCRdelta and alpha. Finally, in situ hybridization experiments demonstrate a conservation of both alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell localization in the thymus across 450 million years of vertebrate evolution, with gamma/delta TCR expression especially high in the subcapsular region. Collectively, these data make the first cellular identification of TCR-expressing lymphocytes in a cartilaginous fish.
- Subjects :
- Lymphoid Tissue
T-Lymphocytes
T cell
Gene Rearrangement, delta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
Molecular Sequence Data
Immunology
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Gene Expression
chemical and pharmacologic phenomena
Biology
Article
Conserved sequence
medicine
Animals
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Amino Acid Sequence
Northern blot
Gene
Conserved Sequence
In Situ Hybridization
Phylogeny
Southern blot
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Expression Profiling
T-cell receptor
hemic and immune systems
Blotting, Northern
biology.organism_classification
Molecular biology
Blotting, Southern
medicine.anatomical_structure
Sharks
Paratope
Nurse shark
Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
human activities
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15506606 and 00221767
- Volume :
- 184
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....86a3333cf6bc09e499d53f72478eb486