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Two proteases defining a melanization cascade in the immune system of Drosophila
- Source :
- Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Biological Chemistry, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2006, 281 (38), pp.28097-104. ⟨10.1074/jbc.M601642200⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- The melanization reaction is used as an immune mechanism in arthropods to encapsulate and kill microbial pathogens. In Drosophila, the serpin Spn27A regulates melanization apparently by inhibiting the protease that activates phenoloxidase, the key enzyme in melanin synthesis. Here, we have described the genetic characterization of two immune inducible serine proteases, MP1 and MP2, which act in a melanization cascade regulated by Spn27A. MP1 is required to activate melanization in response to both bacterial and fungal infection, whereas MP2 is mainly involved during fungal infection. Pathogenic bacteria and fungi may therefore trigger two different melanization cascades that use MP1 as a common downstream protease to activate phenoloxidase. We have also shown that the melanization reaction activated by MP1 and MP2 plays an important role in augmenting the effectiveness of other immune reactions, thereby promoting resistance of Drosophila to microbial infection.
- Subjects :
- MESH: Monophenol Monooxygenase
Proteases
MESH: Enzyme Activation
MESH: Drosophila
medicine.medical_treatment
MESH: RNA Interference
Serpin
medicine.disease_cause
Biochemistry
[SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity
Microbiology
Serine
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
MESH: Melanins
medicine
Animals
MESH: Animals
[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
MESH: Serine Endopeptidases
Molecular Biology
Drosophila
030304 developmental biology
chemistry.chemical_classification
Melanins
0303 health sciences
Protease
biology
Monophenol Monooxygenase
030302 biochemistry & molecular biology
Serine Endopeptidases
Pathogenic bacteria
Cell Biology
biology.organism_classification
3. Good health
Enzyme Activation
Enzyme
chemistry
RNA Interference
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00219258 and 1083351X
- Volume :
- 281
- Issue :
- 38
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of biological chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....866c96b181d19f6d76fb801873716235