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Predictors of postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and insulin resistance in adolescents
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Cambridge University Press, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of insulin resistance in adolescents is increasing, but it is unknown how adolescent participant characteristics such as BMI, waist circumference, fitness and maturity offset may explain responses to a standard meal. The aim of the present study was to examine how such participant characteristics affect the postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to an ecologically valid mixed meal. Data from the control trials of three separate randomised, crossover experiments were pooled, resulting in a total of 108 participants (fifty-two boys, fifty-six girls; aged 12·5 (SD 0·6) years; BMI 19·05 (SD 2·66) kg/m2). A fasting blood sample was taken for the calculation of fasting insulin resistance, using the homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Further capillary blood samples were taken before and 30, 60 and 120 min after a standardised lunch, providing 1·5 g/kg body mass of carbohydrate, for the quantification of blood glucose and plasma insulin total AUC (tAUC). Hierarchical multiple linear regression demonstrated significant predictors for plasma insulin tAUC were waist circumference, physical fitness and HOMA-IR (F(3,98) = 36·78, P < 0·001, adjusted R2 = 0·515). The variance in blood glucose tAUC was not significantly explained by the predictors used (F(7,94) = 1·44, P = 0·198). Significant predictors for HOMA-IR were BMI and maturity offset (F(2,102) = 14·06, P < 0·001, adjusted R2 = 0·021). In summary, the key findings of the study are that waist circumference, followed by physical fitness, best explained the insulinaemic response to an ecologically valid standardised meal in adolescents. This has important behavioural consequences because these variables can be modified.
- Subjects :
- Blood Glucose
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Waist
Adolescent
Physical fitness
Medicine (miscellaneous)
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Type 2 diabetes
Models, Biological
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Insulin resistance
Internal medicine
medicine
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin
Child
Meal
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
Area under the curve
030229 sport sciences
medicine.disease
Circumference
Postprandial Period
Endocrinology
Postprandial
Area Under Curve
Female
Insulin Resistance
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00071145
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....860322681b5f7ed5afcf7d71d1f16ee8